The legal and market aspects of electronic signatures

Study for the European Commission - DG Information Society (October 2003)

Authors: Jos Dumortier, Stefan Kelm, Hans Nilsson, Georgia Skouma, Patrick van Eecke

Links to national resources

Go to the following country:

Austria	Portugal	Poland
Belgium	Spain	Slovakia
Denmark	Sweden	Slovenia
Finland	UK	Bulgaria
France	Cyprus	Romania
Germany	Czech Republik	Iceland
Greece	Estonia	Liechtenstein
Ireland	Hungary	Norway
Italy	Latvia	Switzerland
Luxembourg	Lithuania
Netherlands	Malta

• Rechtsinformationssystem
• Austrian Signature Law (pdf)
• Austrian Signature (pdf)
• Die österreichische Bürgerkarte
• Supervisory Authority for Electronic Signatures
• Konzept Bürgerkarte
• Bestätigungsstelle
• Liability of Certification Authorities (pdf)
• Austrian Data Protection Website
• CSP notification form (zip)
• Supervisory Authority for Electronic Signatures
• Accreditation A-Trust
• Bescheinigungen nach Par. 18 (5) Signaturgesetz
• Bestätigung anderer gesetzesrelevanter Eigenschaften laut Signaturgesetz
• A-SIT: Secure Information Technology Centre Austria

Belgium:

• ICRI: Interdisciplinary Centre for Law and Information Technology
• FPS Economy, SMEs, Self-employed and Energy
• digitalsignature.be

Denmark:

• Bill on Electronic Signatures - Bill No. L 229
• Executive Order on Security Requirements etc. for Certification Authorities
• Executive Order on Reporting of Information to the National Telecom Agency by Certification Authorities and System Auditors
• OCES - digital signatur
• Project E-government
• http://www.certifikat.dk
• KMD-CA
• Eurotrust
• Ministeriet for Videnskab, Teknologi og Udvikling
• The Danish Ministry of Justice
• National IT and Telecom Agency

Finland:

• Act on Electronic Signatures
• http://www.finlex.fi/linkit/sd/20030015
• Regulation on CA's obligation to notify FICORA (pdf)
• Regulation on the requirements for reliability and information security in the operation of CA... (pdf)
• http://www.finlex.fi/linkit/ajansd/20030013
• http://www.finlex.fi/linkit/sd/20030299
• http://www.finlex.fi/linkit/ajansd/19930507
• http://www.finlex.fi/linkit/sd/20030300
• http://www.finlex.fi/linkit/ajansd/19990829
• http://www.finlex.fi/linkit/ajansd/20020458
• Personal Data Act (pdf)
• Act on the amendment of the Personal Data Act (986/2000) (rtf)
• Act on the Protection of Privacy and Data Security in Telecommunications
• Information security
• Electronic signatures and certification service operation
• Ministry of Transport and Communications
• FICORA's customer magazine Signaali
• Ministry of Justice
• http://www.ficora.fi/suomi/lomake/Laatuvarmennetoiminnan_aloitusilmoituslomake.pdf
• http://www.ficora.fi/ruotsi/document/Anmalan_om_inledande.DOC
• Satakunta’s Macro Pilot
• Electronic public services
• Population Register Centre
• oma: Open Mobile Alliance
• Finnish Bankers Association: ID service for e-customer service providers (pdf)

France:

• Legifrance
• Ministre deleguee a l'industrie
• internet.gouv.fr
• http://www.ssi.gouv.fr/
• Premiere ministre
• Ministry of the Economy, Finance and Industry
• Droit et Nouevelles Technologies
• SSCD assessment process (pdf)

Germany:

• RegTP: Regulierungsbehörde
• ISIS-MTT standard
• Project MEDIA@KOMM
• Telesec (Deutsche Telekom)
• Singtrust (Deutsche Post)
• Datev
• Authentidate
• TC Trustcenter
• D-Trust

Greece:

• EETT: National Regulatory Authority
• Athens Chamber of Commerce and Industry
• Ebusiness Forum
• Ministry of Development
• Ministry of Transportation and Communication
• Hellenic Data Protection Authority
• http://www.taxisnet.gr/
• http://www.e-oikonomia.gr/
• Informatics Development Agency
• Athens Stock Exchange
• Article in Greek (pdf)
• ASYK

Ireland:

• ELECTRONIC COMMERCE ACT, 2000
• FINANCE ACT, 1999
• CRIMINAL EVIDENCE ACT 1992
• COMPANIES ACT 1990
• Department of Communications, Marine and Natural Resources
• Enterprise Competitiveness Division
• National Accreditation Board
• Communications (Department of Communications, Marine and Natural Resources)
• Enterprise Competitiveness Division
• Information Society Commission
• Australian PKI report (doc)

Italy:

• Ministry for Information and Technologies
• Authority for IT in the Public Administration (AIPA)

Luxembourg:

• L'Office Luxembourgeois d'Accreditation et de Surveillance (OLAS)
• eLuxembourg

Netherlands:

• Overheid.nl
• ECP.NL, platform for eNetherlands
• ECP.NL dossiers
• Digital Signature Law Survey
• Onafhankelijke Post en Telecommunicatie Autoriteit (OPTA)
• ECP.NL publications
• TTP.NL Scheme (pdf)
• CPS pkioverheid (pdf)
• PKI algorithms (pdf)
• Certificaten PKIoverheid
• ECP.NL participants
• DigiNotar certificate search
• DigiNotar certificate validation
• Digital Signature Blindness

Portugal:

• e-signature decree (pdf)
• ASSINATURA ELECTRONICA
• Instituto das Tecnologias de Informacao na Justica
• e-signature decree

• Congresos de los Diputados
• Secretaria de Estado de Telecomunicaciones y para la Sociedad de la Informacion (SETSI)
• OFICINA VIRTUAL
• Ministry of Science and Technology
• Entidad Nacional de Acreditacion (ENAC)
• Feste
• Agencia de Certificacion Electronica

• GUIA SOBRE EL USO Y EFICACIA DE LA FIRMA ELECTRONICA
• ARTICULOS FIRMA ELECTRONICA
• Autoridades de Certificacion Internacionales

Sweden:

• e-signatures act (pdf)
• Regulation about fees according to the law (pdf)
• notification form (pdf)
• Swedish Parliament
• Lagrummet
• National Post and Telecom Agency (PTS)
• Swedish Government
• Ministry of Industry, Employment and Communications
• SWEDAC
• Swedish Agency for Public Management (Statskontoret)
• National Tax Board

UK:

• The Electronic Signatures Regulations 2002
• Electronic Communications Act 2000
• Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)
• eCommunications Overview (DTI)
• tScheme
• tScheme Approval Process
• tScheme Directory
• tScheme Assessment Procedures (pdf)
• ID Certificates from BT
• Her Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO)
• government gateway
• Eequifax Secure
• United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS)
• tScheme Schedule of Approval Fees

Cyprus:

• ThunderWorx
• Cyprus and EU Accession Negotiations
• planning bureau

Czech Republic:

• Ministerstvo informatiky (MI)
• cryptosavvy: Analysis of Bernstein's Factorization
• Prvni certifikacni autorita
• Certifikacni autorita Czechia
• CERTIFIKACNI AUTORITA - Globe Internet

Estonia:

• Estonian ID Card concept (pdf)
• ID-card program
• Digital Signatures Act
• Law of Obligations Act
• Law of Obligations Act, General Part of the Civil Code Act and Private International Law Act Implementation Act
• Notarisation Act
• Personal Data Protection Act
• Databases Act
• Teenuse osutajate infosüsteemide auditeerimise kord
• Estonian ID card
• Estonian Legal Language Centre
• Elektroonilise Riigi Teataja andmebaas
• DEPARTMENT OF STATE INFORMATIONS SYSTEMS (RISO)
• AS Sertifitseerimiskeskus (SK)
• Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications
• Estonian National Communications Board (ENCB)
• Ministry of Finance
• Ministry of Justice
• Teabeportaali
• OpenXAdES
• National Standards Board of Estonia

Hungary:

• e-signature act (pdf)
• NetLock
• http://index.hu/tech/jog/digitala
• Elektronikus alairas portal
• Laboratory of Cryptography and Systems Security
• Communications Authority of Hungary
• http://e-alairas.lap.hu
• Elektronikus alairassal kapcsolatos nyilvantartasok
• Tanusitott elektronikus alairasi termekek

Latvia:

• Latvian legislation
• http://www.komersants.lv/
• State Data Inspection (SDI)
• Bank of Latvia

Lithuania:

• Law on Electronic Signature
• Del asmenu registravimo sertifikatams gauti ir konsultavimo paslaugu teikimo tvarkos patvirtinimo
• Del laiko zymos formavimo paslaugu teikimo tvarkos patvirtinimo
• Del minimalios draudimines sumos kvalifikuotus sertifikatus sudarantiems sertifikavimo paslaugu teikejams nustatymo
• Del Reikalavimu kvalifikuotus sertifikatus sudarantiems sertifikavimo paslaugu teikejams, Reikalavimu elektroninio paraso irangai, Kvalifikuotus sertifikatus sudaranciu sertifikavimo paslaugu teikeju registravimo tvarkos ir Elektroninio paraso prieziuros reglamento patvirtinimo
• Del sertifikavimo paslaugu teikeju akreditavimo reikalavimu ir tvarkos patvirtinimo
• Del reikalavimu elektroninio paraso tikrinimo procedurai patvirtinimo
• Law on Legal Protection of Personal Data
• Civilinis kodeksas
• Information Society Development Committee (IVPK)
• Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania
• Committee of the Development of Information Society
• Association INFOBALT

Malta:

• Malta Communications Authority
• Malta Standards Authority
• Central Information Management Unit (CIMU)
• Malta Information Technology and Training Services Ltd.
• e-commerce act (pdf)
• Nomination of competent Authority (pdf)
• Government of Malta
• Ministry of Justice
• e-government

Poland:

• Act on Electronic Signature
• Unizeto
• Certification Center Signet
• Ministry of Economics
• Krajowa Izba Rozliczeniowa S.A. (National Clearing House)
• PolCert
• Sigillum
• CryptoTech
• Polish Chamber of Information Technology and Telecommunications (PIIT)
• Bazy i Systemy Bankowe Sp. z o.o.
• CENTRAST SA
• Social insurance institution
• Podpis Elektroniczny (s-signature)
• IT Association
• Polish Centre for Accreditation (PCA)
• Edukacja IT
• e-documents decree...

Slovakia:

• National Security Authority

Slovenia:

• Agencija za telekomunikacije, radiodifuzijo in posto RS
• Ministry of Information Society
• Perenic consulting
• SKB Banka
• Perenic consulting
• Halcom informatika

Bulgaria:

• Legal resources and links
• CSP application (pdf)
• Communications regulation commission (CRC)
• Information Services Plc
• Bulgarian Industrial Association
• Center for the Study of Democracy (CSD)
• Bulgarian Law Portal
• StampIT

Romania:

• Ministry of Communications and Information Technology
• E-Sign Romania S.A.

Iceland:

• Lög um rafraenar undirskriftir
• Lög um rafraen vidskipti og adra rafraena pjonustu
• Lög um breytingu a stjornsyslulögum, nr. 37/1993 (rafraen stjornsysla)
• Information Society in Iceland (Prime Minister)
• KPMG Report on PKI

Liechtenstein:

• Liechtensteinische Gesetze
• Portal der Liechtensteinischen Landesverwaltung

Norway:

• Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority (NPT)
• Ministry of Trade and Industry
• STATSKONSULT Directorate for Communication and Public Management
• PKI Consulting Services AS (IBM)
• ZebSign AS
• Lov om elektronisk signatur
• Forskrift om krav til utsteder av kvalifiserte sertifikater mv
• Forskrift om elektronisk kommunikasjon med og i forvaltningen
• PKI-forum
• handel.no
• eNorway
• Ministry of Labour and Government Administration

Switzerland:

• Zertifizierungsdiensteverordnung (ZertDV, pdf)
• Bundesgesetz über Zertifizierungsdienste im Bereich der elektronischen Signatur (ZertES, pdf)
• Verordnung des BAKOM über Dienste der elektronischen Zertifizierung (pdf)
• Technische und administrative Vorschriften über Dienste der elektronischen Zertifizierung (pdf)
• Federal Office of Justice
• Verordnung des EFD über elektronisch übermittelte Daten und Informationen (pdf)
• Entwicklung im Bereich der digitalen Signaturen (pdf)
• BAKOM - electronic signature
• http://www.pki-forum.ch/
• e-government standards
• infosociety.ch
• OFCOM Federal Office of Communications (BAKOM)
• Swiss Accreditation Service (SAS)
• PKI et ISMS
• cyberadministration

v1.00 - Last changed: October 27th, 2003 / Stefan Kelm